How do bats use echolocation? Echolocation works on the same principle as sonar in a submarine, but bats have special adaptations to be able to use it. The principle behind echolocation and sonar is that you send a sound wave out and then measure how long it takes to come back to you and the […]
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How do fires regenerate forests? Fires can regenerate a forest because they clear the thick canopy, they release nutrients into the soil, and they can trigger the dispersal of seeds from a lot of trees. As forests grow, they naturally get thicker and taller. Trees need sunlight and leaves to photosynthesize. If a tree cannot
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Why do some sand dunes sing? Sand dunes sing because the grains of sand slide down their sides and make vibrations that become sound waves. Sand dunes can form anywhere with sand, but the really large ones are more common in deserts. Different types of sand can make different dunes, but they are formed in
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Why can’t we see the far side of the universe? We can’t see the other side of the universe because there hasn’t been enough time since the beginning of the universe for that light to reach us, and the universe is expanding faster than the light can travel. The first reason we can’t see the
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How does artificial flavoring work? Artificial flavorings work by replicating the natural chemicals in foods that our taste buds detect. Before we look at how artificial flavoring works, we need to look at how we taste. We taste in the same way that we see, hear, and smell. We take physical things from the world
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What causes a heat island? A heat island is caused by cities because they absorb more heat and produce more heat than rural areas. Heat islands are more commonly known as urban heat islands because they happen in urban areas. Before we look at what causes them, let’s look at urban areas themselves. The first
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How does insect repellent work? Insect repellents work by either preventing the insect from detecting the signals given off by people or by using chemicals that insects don’t like. Insect repellents don’t have to repel all insects. They are generally designed to repel those insects that bite us. These are mostly mosquitoes, midges, ticks, and
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Why don’t things stick to Teflon? Things don’t stick to Teflon because the bonds between the atoms in Teflon are so strong that nothing else can stick to them. Teflon is actually a plastic, not a metal. Its chemical name is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Teflon is a brand name, which is why it is always written
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How does an elevator emergency brake work? Modern elevators have an electromagnetic brake that is open when the power is off and the magnet pulls it in so the elevator can move. That way, if the power fails, the brakes will come on and the elevator will stop. Elevators need brakes to stop on each
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Why are bubbles round? Bubbles are round because the liquid they are made of is naturally trying to make the smallest area it possibly can, and that is a sphere. A bubble is made when a liquid encloses a gas. If you are making soap bubbles, then that gas is the air. If you are
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