They failed for a combination of reasons. Some were overwhelmed by the enormous storm surge caused by Hurricane Katrina, while others failed because of weaknesses in their design and the soft soil supporting them. The flood defenses had also developed over many years rather than being designed as one integrated system. A levee is basically […]
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Why did feudal levies stop? Feudal levies were a way that kings could raise a temporary military force through the people who they had given patronage to. They stopped because it became an impractical way of conducting warfare. Although not the only country to use it, Medieval England is a good example of this system,
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How did we discover DNA? DNA was first discovered in 1869, but it wasn’t identified as the substance carrying hereditary information until 1944, and its structure wasn’t discovered until 1953. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. Broken down, “deoxyribo” refers to the sugar part of the DNA, “nucleic” means it is found within the nucleus of
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How does a boat stabilizer work? A boat stabilizer works by using various methods to counteract the rolling motion of the boat due to the waves. Even the smoothest sea will have waves moving across it and these can make a boat move. This causes two problems. Firstly, everything is much easier to go on
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What was Gaul? Gaul was an area of Western Europe that covered modern-day France, Belgium, Luxembourg, and parts of Switzerland, the Netherlands, Germany, and Northern Italy. It was conquered and became part of the Roman Empire between 125 BC and 51 BC. Gaul was not a country, and Gauls was not the word all of
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How does a car differential work? A car differential works by turning the rotation of the driveshaft through 90 degrees to rotate the wheels. It has to solve several problems. The car differential was invented to solve three problems that cars have. The first is the direction of power. The second is that the wheels
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Who invented the sewing machine? Just like many inventions, it wasn’t only one person who invented the sewing machine but four people over a gap of roughly 60 years. Modern sewing machines can create many different types of stitches, from decorative to purely functional. The earliest sewing machines could only make a stitch called a
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Why do scientists disagree about how siphons work? Scientists understand exactly how siphons behave, but there is an ongoing debate over which physical principle deserves most of the credit. It could be atmospheric pressure, it could be the cohesion between water molecules,or it could be a combination of the two. A siphon is a device
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What is the interstellar medium? The interstellar medium is the matter that fills space between the stars in a galaxy. The atmosphere of a star varies depending on its size, but they are all similar in that they get thinner the further out from the star you go. Once you leave the surface of the
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How did fish and chips become a traditional British food? Fish and chips became a traditional British food thanks to fried fish brought from Spain and Portugal, chips brought from Belgium and France, railway networks, improved agriculture, urbanization, entrepreneurs, and wartime thinking. If you have traveled to Britain, you will undoubtedly have tried fish and
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