I learned this today. Hydraulic machines work because a force applied at one point to an incompressible fluid is transmitted to another point and multiplied at the same time. There are two principles at work in a hydraulic system. The first is that an incompressible liquid will transfer energy and the second is that […]
#222 How does a hydraulic system work? Read More »
I learned this today. Radar works by using radio waves to work out the position of objects relative to the detector and sonar uses sound waves. Radar works in a similar way to sonar, but it is far more effective in air. A sonar system sends out a sound and waits for the sound
#221 What is the difference between sonar and radar? Read More »
I learned this today. Deep sea fish can survive because they don’t breathe in the same way that we do. However, even they cannot survive at the very bottom of the ocean. Pressure at sea level is 14.7 psi (pounds per square inch). If someone weighing 14.7 pounds stood on you, you would
#219 Why don’t deep sea fish get crushed by the pressure? Read More »
I learned this today. The Trieste, a Swiss and Italian submarine reached a depth of 10,911m. This is the deepest point on Earth and is the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench. Different submarines can reach different depths, depending on what they are needed for. A submarine that is built to go deep
#218 How deep can a submarine go? Read More »
I learned this today. Bulletproof glass is made of two different types of laminated glass, one hard and one soft. Glass was invented in about 2500 BC, although only used as beads and jewelry. In 1450 BC, Egyptians started using glass drinking vessels. Plate glass was invented in about 1620 and glass production was
#217 How does bulletproof glass work? Read More »
I learned this today. Antimatter is matter made up of antiparticles. An antiparticle and a particle have the same mass but opposite electrical charges. A proton, for example, contains three quarks (2 up and 1 down), has a positive charge, and weighs 0.00000000000167262192 picograms. (A picogram is 100 billionth of a gram.) An
#216 What is antimatter? Read More »
I learned this today. Quarks are elementary particles that make up the fundamental constituents of matter. Everything that has matter in the universe is made up of atoms. The screen you are reading this on is made of glass (probably), which is basically silica. Silica has one silicon atom with bonds to four
#214 What is a quark? Read More »
I learned this today. FOXP2 is known as the language gene. FOXP2 stands for Forkhead box protein P2. Forkhead box proteins bind to a specific DNA sequence to control the rate of information. They are important for cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and longevity. They, and all of the forkhead box proteins, have a
#213 What is the language gene, FOXP2? Read More »
I learned this today. The Higgs boson is an elementary particle associated with the Higgs field. The Higgs field is an energy field that transmits mass to the things that move through it. A boson is a particle that carries a force and energy. Bosons are at the route of the fundamental forces,
#212 What is a Higgs boson? Read More »
I learned this today. We all age and there are nine problems that aging causes in humans. These are DNA mutations, faulty gene expressions, shortening telomeres, the build up of faulty proteins, worn out cells don’t die, mitochondria become faulty, metabolism becomes faulty, stem cells become exhausted, and cells lose the ability to communicate with
#210 What problems does aging in humans cause? Read More »
