How does an X-ray machine make an image？ An X-ray makes an image because some parts of the body absorb X-ray radiation and some parts of the body don’t. Bones absorb the majority of it and appear white. X-rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength between 10 nanometers and 10 picometers. There […]
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What is a lava tube? A lava tube is a tunnel made by flowing lava that sets on the outside but continues to flow on the inside. They can range from very small to enormous. For lava tubes to form, you obviously need lava. Not all volcanic eruptions produce lava. Some of the bigger, more
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What is a sinkhole? A sinkhole is a place where the ground has collapsed to leave a hole, caused by material below the ground being removed. Sinkholes can range from just a few meters deep to enormously deep, and they can be caused naturally or by human activity. The largest sinkhole in the world is
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How does a speed camera work? Older types of speed cameras work out the time it takes for a car to travel between two known points. Modern speed cameras look at the wave length of radio waves or how long it takes light to return to the sensor. The old type of speed camera are
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Why does water need to be softened? Water needs to be softened to remove minerals, such as calcium and magnesium, which build up and clog taps and water supply systems. Depending on where you live, you may or may not need a water softener. This is because of the geology and the rocks that the
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Why do ships have a bulbous bow? Many ships have a bulbous bow to create a wave that helps reduce drag, which increases fuel efficiency. Any object that is moving, unless it is in a vacuum, is subject to forces that act upon it. These can be friction with the ground or surface, and wind
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What is a kelp forest? A kelp forest is a dense area of kelp in the sea. Kelp is a type of algae. They form incredibly diverse ecosystems, and they can help to clean up the sea. Kelp are giant strands of brown algae, probably more commonly known as seaweed. They look like plants, but
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What is fracking? Fracking is a method to get natural gas and oil out of shale rocks by fracturing them. Humans have used oil and natural gas for thousands of years, but we only really began using it on a large scale from the middle of the 19th century. It was the Industrial Revolution that
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What is a seiche? A seiche is a standing wave that rocks back and forth in an enclosed body of water, similar to a pendulum. Most waves are caused by the wind. The wind pushes across the surface of a body of water and picks up water, pushing it across the body of water. If
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How do seedless fruit reproduce? Seedless fruit don’t produce viable seeds, so they can’t reproduce, but they don’t need to because they are produced by breeding two different plants that can produce fruit with seeds. These days, we can buy fruit with seeds, and we can usually buy seedless varieties of fruit as well. Watermelon
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