What is pasteurization? Pasteurization is the process of heating food to reduce harmful microbes and slow spoilage, giving it a longer shelf life. The process is named after Louis Pasteur, although people had been using heat to preserve food and drink long before him. We tend to associate pasteurization with the milk industry, but all […]
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What happened to JFK’s sister? JFK’s sister, Rosemary Kennedy, was permanently incapacitated by a failed lobotomy in 1941, leaving her with the mental age of a two-year-old. Rosemary Kennedy was the third of nine children born to Joseph P. Kennedy and his wife Rose Fitzgerald. They are known as the Kennedy family, and Rosemary was
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How does slipstreaming work? Slipstreaming works because one vehicle drives closely behind another so that it can ride in the low-pressure wake that follows the first vehicle, reducing the air resistance and reducing the amount of power needed. Unless you are moving in a vacuum, you are going to come up against air resistance. We
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What was the gold standard? The gold standard was a system that tied the value of a country’s currency to a fixed amount of gold. It is often said that it ended in 1971, because that was when the United States stopped converting dollars into gold for foreign governments and central banks, which was the
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Why is Savile Row in central London famous for tailors? It became the centre for high-quality, custom-made men’s suits in the 19th century, as famous tailoring houses established themselves there and drew others in. Henry Poole & Co began in 1806, but it did not move onto Savile Row itself until 1846, which is when
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Why do apples ripen other fruits? Apples ripen other fruits because they release ethylene gas. If you have a bowl of fruit on your table, you may find that all of the fruit ripens much faster if you have apples in the bowl. You can also ripen fruit like avocados more quickly if you put
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What is the Laffer Curve? The Laffer Curve is a graph that shows the theoretical relationship between the amount people are taxed and the amount of revenue the government can expect to get. The amount of revenue is zero when people are taxed 0% or 100% of their income, and it rises to an optimal
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Is there a center to the universe? No, the universe has no center. Every part of it is expanding away from every other part. When we think of the beginning of the universe, we think of the Big Bang, and when we think of the Big Bang, we think of an explosion from one point
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What are perovskite solar cells? Perovskite solar cells are a type of solar cell that could potentially replace regular solar cells because they are thin, lightweight, cheap to make, and potentially very efficient. There are different types of solar panel technology at the moment, but the majority of them work with silicon semiconductors. Silicon is
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What is the Big Mac Index? The Big Mac Index is an informal way of working out purchasing power parity between different countries. The Big Mac Index was started as a half-serious joke in an article that appeared in The Economist in 1986. The author, Pam Woodall, was trying to find a way to look
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